Employee bond record, 1853-1858.
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Maryland Penitentiary
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The Maryland Penitentiary was the first prison established by the state and the second of its kind within the United States. The maximum security facility was authorized by the Laws of 1804, res. 15, and opened in 1811. An 1881 penitentiary publication reports that prior to its establishment, criminals were housed in county jails or workhouses and "made to labor upon the public roads." Significantly, when the legislature rewrote the Maryland Criminal Code in 1809, the new law design...